No sooner than the results of the higher secondary school examination are declared, the successful youngsters with a technical bent of mind launch their quest for admission to pursue a degree in engineering. Thus the aspirant students, anxious parents and guardians juggle with the available information as to which is the Top engineering university in India for graduation, post graduation and also research studies to obtain a doctorate.
A retrospective view of academics in engineering in India reflects an interesting saga. Technical education contributes a major share to the overall system at the university level and plays a pivotal role in the country’s socio-economic development. It is imparted at different levels like –
· Craftsmanship and Skills in various trades at ITIs (Industrial Training Institutes)
· Diplomas in different branches of engineering from Polytechnics
· Degree, Post-graduate and Research for PhD in specialised fields from colleges and universities
Formal technical education in India commenced sometime in the middle of 19th century during the colonial rule. The Thomason College was instituted by the British rulers at Roorkee in 1847 to train civil engineers for the Ganges Canal and hydro projects. Subsequent developments saw the formation of the Indian Universities Commission in 1902, endorsement of the Indian Education policy in 1904 and the Governor General’s proclamation in 1913 that stressed on the importance of Technical Education.
Meanwhile, the doyen among the country’s industrialists, Jamshedji Tata had set up the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) at Bangalore which is popularly known as the Tata Institute. Simultaneously, the Institute for Sugar, Textile and Leather Technology at Kanpur in the United Province and the historic National Council of Education (NCE) also came into existence in Bengal in 1905. Besides, the established Bombay, Calcutta and Madras Universities, Pandit Madan Mohan Malavia founded the Banaras Hindu University where Banaras Engineering College (BENCO) commenced its academic session in 1919. And within a short span of time it was regarded to be among the best mechanical engineering colleges in India during 1920-30 era.
There were further significant developments which mainly could be attributed to the two world wars as well as the reinforcement of various colleges and universities that were set up across the country. Amid these trends the Technical Education Committee of the Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE) was constituted in 1943. A year later the Sargent Commission on Post-War Education Development in India pronounced its observations and recommendations that were within a particular timeframe of 40 years. Apart from literacy aspects, this report laid stress on technical and vocational courses. This led to the formation of the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) in 1945.
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